@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20251306.14,
  author = {Sandip Sengar and Tilak Chavda and Alok Singh and Jay Chaudhari and Bhautik Mishra},
  title = {Innovative Formulation and Quality Optimization of Herbal Pain Relief Oil Using Solar Thermal Technology},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {13},
  number = {6},
  pages = {290-303},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20251306.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20251306.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20251306.14},
  abstract = {This study focused on preparing and optimizing herbal pain relief oil using solar thermal technology, specifically a solar box cooker, during winter and summer seasons. The performance of solar device was assessed through stagnation temperature and full-load tests using water and herbal pain relief oil, separately, measuring temperatures inside the cooker and pot, as well as ambient temperature, relative humidity, and solar radiation. Figures of merit (F1 and F2) were calculated to evaluate device efficiency. The herbal pain relief oil was formulated with mustard oil and varying proportions of nirgundi leaves (5%, 10%, 15%) and 5% of other raw herbs like ajwain, garlic, fenugreek and turmeric, processed for one or two days. The resulting oil was filtered, stored in sealed glass or plastic bottles, and subjected to laboratory analysis to determine pH, specific gravity, viscosity, acid value, saponification value, and refractive index. Sensory and organoleptic evaluations, including colour, odour, sensitivity, irritation, and overall acceptance, were conducted by 18 panellists, comparing the formulated oil to a commercial product. The optimal formulation, using 15% nirgundi leaves and 5% other herbs heated for two days in the box type cooker, yielded high quality yellowish green oil with a pH of 7.8, specific gravity of 0.92, viscosity of 29.09, acid value of 0.70, saponification value of 29.45, and refractive index of 1.38. This formulation, processed using the box type solar cooker, also demonstrated a profit margin of 50–60 ₹/L, highlighting the economic and environmental benefits of solar thermal technology for herbal oil production.},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Innovative Formulation and Quality Optimization of Herbal Pain Relief Oil Using Solar Thermal Technology
AU  - Sandip Sengar
AU  - Tilak Chavda
AU  - Alok Singh
AU  - Jay Chaudhari
AU  - Bhautik Mishra
Y1  - 2025/12/29
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20251306.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20251306.14
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 290
EP  - 303
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20251306.14
AB  - This study focused on preparing and optimizing herbal pain relief oil using solar thermal technology, specifically a solar box cooker, during winter and summer seasons. The performance of solar device was assessed through stagnation temperature and full-load tests using water and herbal pain relief oil, separately, measuring temperatures inside the cooker and pot, as well as ambient temperature, relative humidity, and solar radiation. Figures of merit (F1 and F2) were calculated to evaluate device efficiency. The herbal pain relief oil was formulated with mustard oil and varying proportions of nirgundi leaves (5%, 10%, 15%) and 5% of other raw herbs like ajwain, garlic, fenugreek and turmeric, processed for one or two days. The resulting oil was filtered, stored in sealed glass or plastic bottles, and subjected to laboratory analysis to determine pH, specific gravity, viscosity, acid value, saponification value, and refractive index. Sensory and organoleptic evaluations, including colour, odour, sensitivity, irritation, and overall acceptance, were conducted by 18 panellists, comparing the formulated oil to a commercial product. The optimal formulation, using 15% nirgundi leaves and 5% other herbs heated for two days in the box type cooker, yielded high quality yellowish green oil with a pH of 7.8, specific gravity of 0.92, viscosity of 29.09, acid value of 0.70, saponification value of 29.45, and refractive index of 1.38. This formulation, processed using the box type solar cooker, also demonstrated a profit margin of 50–60 ₹/L, highlighting the economic and environmental benefits of solar thermal technology for herbal oil production.
VL  - 13
IS  - 6
ER  - 

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